Discussion and Application
Part One
Difference between Common Knowledge “ Specialized” Knowledge
Common knowledge exists when a fact can be found in numerous places or is likely to be known by a lot of people (Davidson, 2008). Specialized information is when facts are known by people because of their learning, training, and/ or experience. All specialized information should be cited (Edmond, 2008). According to Sue Thomas, the criteria used in deciding what is common knowledge is quantity (if it can be found in many places), ubiquity (if known by a lot of people in a certain field of study) and if information can be found in a general reference source e.g. encyclopedias. Purdue University Online Writing Lab (2008) recommends to finding 5 different sources to meet the quantity criteria.
For example, it is common knowledge that poor vitamin and mineral intake lead to poor immunity and thus vulnerability to diseases. This information is common knowledge to experts in the medical field. By knowing the audience to which you write your work, one knows what to explain, differentiate, describe etc. If an audience has expertise in an area of study then there is no need for explanations and usually they go straight to the methodologies, results and conclusions. With common knowledge, citation is not required; but if one is not sure then it would be safe to. As for specialized information it is mandatory to cite; to acknowledge the writer or researcher (Vanderschraaf, 2007).
There are commonly misused words and phrases in pathways. These words and phrases contribute to misunderstandings by the readers as they are so close in meaning to each other and sometimes only differ by a letter or two. They are for example: For all intents and purposes: Not intensive purposes. Absorb / Adsorb- with the former meaning to soak in and the later describing the surface of a solid or liquid accumulating gas, vapor, or dissolved matter. Accurate / Precise- accurate meaning true and precise meaning exact. Affect / Effect- affect means to influence and effect means outcome or result. Alot / Allot- alot is actually two words, a lot while allot means to assign a portion to e.g. Twenty minutes were allotted to each speaker. Alternate / Alternative- alternate means every other and alternative, to switch back and forth in turn e.g. The wet season alternates with the dry season and He chose the polygon method as the best alternative for measuring compressible subsonic flow.
Among / Between- Between is used to describe specific relationships involving only two things while among describes broad relationships when more than two things are involved.
References
[Davidson, Glen W. (2004) Abraham Lincoln and the DNA controversy. Retrieved February 5, 2008, from http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/jala/17.1/davidson.html
http://www.law.unsw.edu.au/staff/edmondg/docs/Specialised-know-UNSWLJ.pdf
http://www.uta.fi/FAST/PK6/REF/commknow.html
Purdue University Online Writing Lab. 18 September 2007. Is It Plagiarism Yet?. 5 February 2008 http://http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/02/.
(adobe specialised
Tax Day America should make tax day a national holiday.. These include realizing and celebrating all of the things our government does for us, things that are paid for out of taxes. Also, many people take this day off work in order to catch up, they would already have the day off if it were a holiday; postal workers could also have a shorter day if it were a holiday. A festive and happy mood to the day would make people relaxed instead of stressed, and that could only help the long lines people wait in to be more pleasant. For all these reasons, I think Congress should consider making April 11 a national holiday. April 11 is a day when many people call in “sick” to work, or take vacation days. Do you think these people are actually sick, or that they are on a beach in Florida or a ski slope on Colorado? Of course not! They are at home, frantically filling out their tax paperwork. Or maybe they are waiting in line at H&R Block or at the post office, where government workers help people who don’t understand the form. And meanwhile, at work, the poor boss is left to cover everyone because he can’t call in sick. Not only does he not get a chance to fill out his paperwork, he has to do all the work of running the store by himself. This just isn’t right. If April 11 were a holiday, the boss could stay home too and get his stuff done without having to worry about cranky, panicked customers. People always say that the only things in life that are certain are death and taxes. That may be true, but while death is almost always sad, people forget that taxes are actually a good thing. Public education, for one, is paid for out of taxes. Teachers are already underpaid; in fact, taxes should probably be raised! Without public education, many families couldn’t afford to send their children to school, and these people would grow up uneducated and unable to get jobs. Then they would end up on unemployment and welfare for the rest of their lives. That would cost the United States much more money than public education does. Making tax day a national holiday would allow people to remember exactly why they are giving this money to the government in the first place. For all these reasons, Congress should consider making April 11 National Tax Day. The happier mood of the day would encourage people to think about all the wonderful things their tax dollars make possible. People could have the day off work to make sure that taxes are complete and accurate, and the festive holiday mood would make waiting in lines much more pleasant. Please take my proposal under consideration.
Part 2
Critique of the essay
The heading should be at the top, in capital letters, in bold and in a larger font. Date 11 should be 11th of April as it is the only day on the calendar. Words should not be written in initials unless earlier mentioned and initials shown i.e. H&R should have been written in full as Human Resource for example. Instructions pertaining to the writing of the essay should be before the text and not in between. It was worse for you as you did this twice. You should change the wording of your text to make it grammatically correct and to make the essay flow better.
Add conjunctions to your essay as this makes it more interesting to read e.g. furthermore, in addition to e.t.c. Words like can’t and isn’t should be written in full i.e. cannot and is not. The short forms are only allowed in speech. When asking to be considered, go to the next paragraph for clear visibility of your request. Be sure to always use the correct punctuation marks to make your work easier to read.
TAX DAY
America should make Tax day a national holiday. There are many reasons as to why this should happen. These include realizing and celebrating all of the things our government does for us, things that are paid for out of taxes. Also, many people take this day off work in order to catch up on filling out tax forms so if it was declared a holiday people would already have the day off and postal workers could also have a shorter day. A festive and happy mood to the day would make people relaxed instead of stressed, and that could only help the long lines people wait in to be more pleasant. For all these reasons, I think Congress should consider making April 11th a national holiday. April 11th is a day when many people call in “sick” to work, or take vacation days. Do you think these people are actually sick, or that they are on a beach in Florida or a ski slope on Colorado? Of course not! They are at home, frantically filling out their tax paperwork. Or maybe they are waiting in line at the Human Resources Block or at the post office, where government workers help people who do not understand the form. And meanwhile, at work, the poor boss is left to cover everyone because he cannot call in sick. Not only does he not get a chance to fill out his paperwork but he has to do all the work of running the store alone. If April 11th were a holiday, the boss could stay home too and get his stuff done without having to worry about cranky, panicked customers. People always say that the only things in life that are certain are death and taxes. That may be true, but while death is almost always sad, people forget that taxes are actually a good thing. Public education, for one, is paid for out of taxes. Teachers are already underpaid; in fact, taxes should probably be raised! Without public education, many families would not afford to send their children to school, and these people would grow up uneducated and unable to get jobs. Then they would end up on unemployment and welfare for the rest of their lives. This would cost the United States much more money than public education does. Making tax day a national holiday would allow people to remember exactly why they are giving this money to the government in the first place. For all these reasons, Congress should consider making April 11th National Tax Day. In addition, the happy mood of the day would encourage people to think about all the wonderful things their tax dollars make possible. People could have the day off work to make sure that taxes are complete and accurate, and the festive holiday mood would make waiting in lines much more pleasant.
Please take my proposal under consideration.
References
Edmond, G. (2008). Specialized knowledge, the exclusionary discretions, and reliability: reassessing incriminating expert opinion evidence. UNSW Law Journal, 31(1), 1-54. Davidson, G. (1991). Abraham Lincoln and the DNA controversy. Journal of Abraham Lincoln, 17(2), 1-13.
Purdue University Online Writing Lab. (2008). Is It Plagiarism Yet?Retrieved on November 9, 2010 from http://http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/02/.
Vanderschraaf, P. (2007). Common knowledge. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. New York, NY: Prentice Hall.
